LEAD SMELTING
Smelting
is the process of separating the metal from impurities by
heating the concentrate to a high temperature to cause the metal
to melt. Smelting the raw material produces a metal or a
high-grade metallic mixture along with a solid waste product
called Slag.
Lead Smelting is the process of reducing complex form of Lead in
to free metallic Lead using heat, chemicals & suitable reducing
agents in Furnaces/Ovens. The raw material for the Smelting
operation can be:
- Lead Ore
- Lead Concentrate
- Lead Sinters
- Other form of Lead Scrap (Batteries etc.)
Lead and Zinc can be produced by following Pyrometallurgical or
hydrometallurgical processes, depending on the type of ore used
as a charge. In the Pyrometallurgical process, ore concentrate
containing Lead, Zinc, or both is fed, in some cases after
sintering, into a primary smelter. Lead concentrations can be
50–70%, and the sulfur content of sulfide ores is in the range
of 15–20%. Ores with a mixture of Lead and Zinc concentrate
usually have lower respective metal concentrations. During
sintering, a blast of hot air or oxygen is used to oxidize the
sulfur present in the feed to Sulfur dioxide (SO2).
Lead Smelting Equipments / Lead Smelting Plant
Smelting Section : The Lead bearing material from
Batteries, along with appropriate fluxes, reductants, Slag and
other scrap & process wastes, is smelted in a Blast/ Rotary
Furnace or a combination of the two, depending on the product
mix required e.g. hard Antimonial Lead, soft crude Lead etc. The
furnaces operate in a temperature range of 900-1250 degrees
centigrade.
We supply both Rotary and Blast Furnaces designed as per the
capacity requirement along with a customized complement of
accessories and equipment. The blast and/ or rotary furnace's
configuration is decided after taking into account factors like,
the smelting, refining and pollution control plant
configuration, designed battery processing capacity, expected
capacity utilization range, desired degree of flexibility in
product mix, composition of locally available raw material,
consumables etc.
All our furnaces are designed to minimize Sulphur-dioxide
emissions in flue gases by conversion into non-reachable solid
compounds to the maximum possible extent. The flue gases
released are treated by the air pollution control plant, of our
proprietary design, in which a typical configuration comprises
of dust collectors, cyclones, cooling towers, spark arrestors,
bag-house filtration units, induced draft fans (ID Fan), wet
scrubbers and a chimney/stack. We provide detailed process
fine-tuning and training inputs in the commissioning phase to
ensure optimum functioning of our Secondary Lead Smelting Plant.
For an overview of our entire range of available services from,
feasibility studies to turnkey Plant, retrofitting and
modernization of existing units for capacity expansion to
pollution control reengineering; see our services & turnkey
projects section.
Secondary Lead Smelting
The smelting of Lead involves several elements that are required
to reduce the various forms of Lead (mainly Lead oxide and Lead
sulphates) into metallic Lead. Mostly this includes:
- A source of carbon, usually in the form of metallurgical , petroleum coke,
charcoal
- Energy, mostly available from natural gas, oil or electricity
- Neutralizing agents used to capture Sulphur such as caustic, soda ash, or lime
- Fluxing agents also used to capture Sulphur and improve Lead recovery.
Frequently this includes various forms of iron and slag enhancing materials.
Secondary Lead Processing Machinery
Our Company exclusively engaged in establishing Lead Smelting
Plant by providing Technology, Plant & Machinery, Training of
personals etc. Our unique smelting technology has allowed the
facility & opportunity to process a much wider range of
industrial wastes and by-products than a traditional Lead
recycling facility. Our secondary recovery plants use Lead paste
desulphurization to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions and
generation of waste sludge during smelting. Our smelting Plant
is fully integrated with pollution control modules and can be
configured for a wide range of Battery Recycling Capacities.
Used Lead Smelting Plant
We also deal in Used Lead Smelting Plant and its equipments.
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